What is Total Hip Replacement?
Total hip replacement, also known as total hip arthroplasty, is one of the most significant advances in modern orthopaedic surgery. The procedure involves removing the damaged ball and socket of the hip joint and replacing them with artificial components, known as prostheses. These implants are designed to restore smooth, pain-free movement and improve quality of life.
During surgery, the head of the femur (ball) is replaced with a metal or ceramic ball attached to a stem that fits into the thigh bone. A new socket is then implanted into the pelvis to replace the damaged one. Together, these components mimic the function of a natural hip joint.
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Who is Total Hip Replacement Surgery For?
Total hip replacement is typically recommended for people with severe hip arthritis or other conditions that cause pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility. Osteoarthritis is the most common cause, but rheumatoid arthritis, injury, or other diseases can also damage the joint.
When conservative treatments such as physiotherapy, exercise, medication, or walking aids no longer provide relief, hip replacement may be the best option to restore function and relieve pain.
Benefits of Total Hip Replacement
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Pain relief: Most patients experience dramatic reduction in pain within days of surgery.
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Mobility: Restores movement and reduces stiffness, allowing a return to daily activities.
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Strength and function: Physiotherapy and exercise help rebuild muscle strength and improve range of motion.
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Longevity: Implants typically last 15–20 years or more.
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Patient satisfaction: Over 95% of patients report being very pleased with their results.
Before and After Surgery
Before surgery, patients undergo a full medical assessment, including scans such as x-rays or MRIs. Any existing infections, including dental or urinary infections, should be treated beforehand. Some medications may need to be stopped or adjusted prior to surgery.
Surgery
The operation usually takes about two hours. Patients generally stay in hospital for two to four days and are encouraged to stand and begin walking with assistance on the same day as their operation.
Recovery
After surgery, it is normal to experience some discomfort, stiffness, or swelling, which improves with time and exercise. Crutches are normally required for the first four to six weeks, with physiotherapy playing an important role in recovery. Driving is generally avoided for at least six weeks, depending on individual recovery. With patience, most patients regain mobility and return to their normal daily activities free of pain.
Risks and Complications
As with any major surgery, total hip replacement carries risks. These may include:
Infection: Rare but serious if it occurs.
Loosening or wear of the implant: Over many years, the prosthesis can loosen and may eventually require revision.
Dislocation: Most likely in the first few weeks after surgery.
Blood clots: Reduced through medication and early mobilisation.
Nerve injury or stiffness: Rare, but possible complications.
Although no surgery can be guaranteed, total hip replacement has one of the highest success rates of all surgical procedures.
